The crankshaft is known as the "heart" of the 10,000-ton "heart" (engine), but the Chinese shipbuilding industry has been lacking this "Chinese heart" for decades. During the 10th Five-Year Plan period, domestic shipbuilding companies were forced to abandon millions of tons of shipbuilding orders because of the monopoly of crankshaft technology by foreign companies.
On June 30, it was the day when the second phase of the Shanghai Marine Crankshaft Company, which plans to invest 592 million yuan, was completed. After it has production conditions and gradually reaches production in the second quarter of next year, the development speed of China's shipbuilding industry due to the crankshaft bottleneck will be released, and this will effectively improve the performance of hundreds of listed companies related to the shipbuilding industry.
Millions of tons of shipbuilding orders were forced to give up
The second phase of Shanghai Marine Crankshaft Co., Ltd. (referred to as: Shanghai Crankshaft Company) with an investment of nearly 600 million yuan is located in the Nanhui Lingang Heavy Equipment Industrial Zone in Shanghai. The entire area of ​​1 square kilometer is occupied by the heavy equipment manufacturing base of Shanghai Electric (Group) Corporation and the second phase of Shanghai Marine Crankshaft Co., Ltd.
Nearly 2,000 construction workers from seven construction units are busy and busy, as scheduled to complete the tight schedule of construction. Everyone involved in it understands that the completion of the project one day earlier will increase the possibility of starting production one day earlier. When it is put into production one day earlier, it will enable the Chinese shipbuilding industry to "breath" earlier.
Since the production of the first domestic crankshaft on January 31 last year, when Shanghai Crankshaft Co., Ltd. was able to mass-produce, and completely change the history of China's marine crankshafts completely dependent on imports, it has become a focus of attention in the shipbuilding industry.
Statistics show that between 1978 and 1997, China spent more than 90 million US dollars on imported crankshafts. In recent years, as the price of crankshafts has continued to soar and the demand for crankshafts in China's shipbuilding industry has increased, the annual cost of importing crankshafts has reached $40 million. But such a high price is not the biggest headache for the Chinese shipbuilding industry.
Since a few countries have completely monopolized the global crankshaft, after 2001, the Chinese shipbuilding industry often encountered a situation in which the crankshaft could not be purchased at a price two times higher than before. Diesel engine manufacturers can't produce diesel engines without the crankshaft. Shipyards can't pick up the ship orders if they can't buy the mainframe. As a result, they have given up millions of tons of overseas shipbuilding orders during the 10th Five-Year Plan period.
Upon hearing such a story, at an international trade fair, several Japanese and Korean crankshaft suppliers, the head of a domestic marine diesel engine factory, joked that they would sell a crankshaft after drinking a large glass of white wine. If you don't say it, you will start the wine glass and scare the suppliers to sneak up, because the crankshafts they produce will be given priority to the country, and they will not easily promise to Chinese customers. He Rongguang, director of the China Shipbuilding Association and chairman of the shipbuilding industry, said that the situation of "ships, machines and other axes" has become a bottleneck restricting the sustainable development of China's shipbuilding industry.
Large crankshaft is expected to break through
The marine crankshaft is a tool that is directly used to transfer propulsion between a diesel engine and a propeller. There are two main methods for manufacturing marine diesel engine crankshafts. One is the integrally manufactured crankshaft, which is mainly used for medium and small-sized ships and high-speed stroke diesel engines for power generation; the other is an assembled crankshaft, mainly used for 10,000 tons of wheels. And low-speed two-stroke diesel engines for power generation. For the former, China has achieved localization, but before Shanghai Marine Crankshaft Co., Ltd., the latter can only be produced in four countries: Japan, South Korea, Spain, and the Czech Republic.
On the surface, the crankshaft is just a piece of "iron shovel" that is more than ten meters long and several tens of tons. However, its design and manufacturing process is quite complicated.
The first crankshaft of Shanghai Crankshaft Company was originally scheduled to be off the assembly line in June 2004. The reason for the delay was January 2005, because the new problems were constantly encountered during the development process. According to reports, in order to solve various technical problems, the project team established a cooperation with industry and academia, such as the 12th Institute of China Shipbuilding, the Shanghai Electric Academia Sinica, and the Institute of Metals of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The core manufacturing technology of intellectual property.
At the same time as the second phase of the project sprinted, the Shanghai Crankshaft Company, which was formed by Shanghai Electric (Group), Hudong Zhonghua Shipbuilding Group, China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation and Shanghai Industrial Investment Corporation, began to accelerate the development of large-scale marine crankshafts of all specifications. The crankshaft of the crankshaft company that Shanghai Crankshaft Company is producing has a cylinder diameter of 600 mm. With the development of large-scale and high-speed ships, more large-bore, high-power diesel engines are required. At present, Shanghai Marine Crankshaft Co., Ltd. has adopted large-scale marine crankshafts of all specifications as impact targets.
Lin Yiwu, deputy general manager and chief engineer of Shanghai Marine Crankshaft Co., Ltd. said: "We are working on the development of 700 mm and 800 mm cylinder diameter crankshafts. It is expected to come out in the second half of this year and the first half of next year. With the continuous development of independent technology. Accumulation and maturity, will further develop the 900 mm cylinder crankshaft, with all the specifications of the crankshaft to match the world famous diesel engine models.
The development of crankshafts of all specifications is not a dream that is difficult for Shanghai Crankshaft Company to achieve.
On the basis of the previous stage of development, the energy of Shanghai Crankshaft Company's thick and thin hair began to accelerate. When the first crankshaft was developed, the machining stage of the optical machine tool lasted for more than half a year, and it was shortened to 18 days. It is expected to be further shortened to about 10 days by the end of this year.
The combined capacity of Shanghai Crankshaft Co., Ltd. in Phase I and Phase II is almost equal to that of Korea's Doosan Heavy Industries' marine main crankshaft manufacturing plant, thus entering the ranks of the world's largest crankshaft manufacturing enterprises.
Lu Yachen, chairman and general manager of Shanghai Heavy Machinery Co., Ltd. and chairman of Shanghai Crankshaft Company, told reporters: "In 2006, the company plans to produce 20 crankshafts. In 2007, the design capacity of 40 crankshafts in the first phase will be fully produced. After the second phase of the project has production conditions in the second quarter of next year, the annual production scale will gradually increase to 200."
China's shipbuilding industry hits the world's first
Although the 160 capacity of the second phase of the Shanghai Crankshaft Company is still in the design stage, orders from several domestic marine diesel engine manufacturers have already arrived. The reporter learned from the National Defense Science and Technology Industry Committee that as of the end of 2005, Shanghai Marine Crankshaft Co., Ltd. had already received orders for 65 crankshafts.
Among the 20 crankshafts planned to be produced by Shanghai Marine Crankshaft Co., Ltd. this year, Hudong Heavy Machinery took away 18 of them. Lin Qinguo, secretary of the board of Hudong Heavy Machinery, said that although the 18 crankshafts obtained were only about 25% of the demand this year, the second phase of the Shanghai Crankshaft Company will be put into production in the future, but Hudong Heavy Machinery will produce crankshafts for the next three years. Basically there is a landing. The important basis for the rapid expansion of Hudong's heavy machine capacity is that the crankshaft supply has been effectively guaranteed.
In the fourth quarter of 2007, the first diesel engine of the Hudong Heavy Machinery Port Base was able to produce. But as early as the beginning of this year, Jiangnan Shipbuilding Group signed a supply contract with the H2388 and H2389 ship mainframes. The two mainframes will be assembled to 297,000 tons of super-large tankers. It can be seen that Shanghai Marine Crankshaft Co., Ltd. is profoundly affecting the development of China's shipbuilding industry. From a certain point of view, it is precisely because of the bottom gas produced by mass production of domestic crankshafts that the country will set a goal of hitting the peak of the global shipbuilding industry at the end of the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period.
One of the important advantages of the Korean and Japanese shipbuilding industry is their high possession of the crankshaft. In view of this, the role played by Shanghai Crankshaft Company is quite important. It is not only a breakthrough to solve the shortage of high-power marine main engine supporting products, but also an important place for China's shipbuilding production to occupy more than 25% of the world market share at the end of the “Eleventh Five-Year Planâ€.
Hundreds of listed companies benefit
The great development of the shipbuilding industry will undoubtedly greatly promote the development of related industries. Zhang Zhongjie, a researcher in the machinery industry of the Central Plains Securities Research Institute, said that among listed companies, there are many industries directly related to the shipbuilding industry, including ports, steel, electronic control systems, instrumentation, information technology, and chemical industry. In these large industries, many small industries like welding materials, wire and cable, and rare metals can be subdivided.
Researchers believe that there are no fewer than 100 listed companies that directly and indirectly benefit from the shipbuilding industry. The performance of listed companies that are closely related to the shipbuilding industry will be more obvious. Among them, Hudong Heavy Machinery, Guangzhou Shipyard International, Jiangnan Heavy Industry and other listed companies engaged in the shipbuilding industry themselves, the most researchers expect.
In 2005, the domestic marine engine output was about 2 million horsepower, and another 50% of the demand was solved through imports. It is estimated that by 2010, the demand for marine engines in China will be 5-6 million horsepower, while the total capacity of Hudong Heavy Machinery at that time is only 4.8 million horsepower. Liu Rong, a researcher in China Merchants Securities Machinery Industry, said that the domestic marine engine manufacturers are mainly Hudong Heavy Machinery, Dalian Marine Diesel Engine Factory and Yichang Marine Diesel Engine Factory (the total market share of the three companies is at least 88.9%). The market share of Hudong Heavy Machinery is as high as 60%-65%, which will be able to share the rapid growth of the shipbuilding industry to the maximum extent.
Relative to the import, the domestically produced crankshaft makes Hudong Heavy Machinery run better on the road of rapid growth. The manufacturing cost of a marine diesel engine consists of three parts: crankshaft, patent fee and other manufacturing costs. Among them, the most easily changed part is the crankshaft, which is also the largest piece of cost, accounting for 10%-15%.
According to reports, the pre-sale price of crankshaft purchased by Hudong Heavy Machinery in 2004 was about 400,000 US dollars. In 2005, the price of crankshafts ordered for production in 2006 has risen to more than 800,000 US dollars, and even there is an extreme of 1.05 million US dollars. Record. Among all the accessories for Hudong Heavy Machinery to produce diesel engines for large ships, only the crankshaft is currently mainly dependent on imports. Therefore, the soaring price of imported crankshafts has no effect on the gold content of Hudong’s heavy machine performance growth.
Hudong Heavy Machinery received an order of 90% of its total output in 2006 from Shanghai Crankshaft Co., Ltd., and its former major shareholder Hudong Zhonghua Shipbuilding Group Co., Ltd. is not unrelated. Since Shanghai Crankshaft Corporation, another shareholder of China Crankshaft Corporation, is the parent company of GSI and Dalian Marine Diesel Engine Plant, it is not excluded that they will be able to obtain the possibility of crankshaft supply in the future. In this way, GSI International, which is on the eve of the big development, will have a good opportunity to take off.
In addition to the listed companies directly engaged in the shipbuilding industry will benefit, listed companies supporting the shipbuilding industry will also benefit from the rapid development of China's shipbuilding industry. For example, the demand for steel and steel in China's shipbuilding industry will grow rapidly due to the development of the shipbuilding industry. A researcher has calculated such a book for the reporter. If the steel for shipbuilding reaches 8.3 million tons per year between 2006 and 2010, 2011- In 2015, it reached 10.28 million tons per year, and the price per ton of steel is about 6,000 yuan, so its market size will reach 60 billion yuan, which will bring considerable benefits to several domestic shipbuilding steel producers Baosteel, Anshan Iron and Steel, etc. Market demand. In addition, listed companies in the chemical, instrumentation and electronic control industries for the shipbuilding industry will also benefit from the rapid growth of China's shipbuilding industry.
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