In the research and design process of the machine tool, an important work content is the design of the graded transmission of the outer drive chain represented by the main drive chain. The traditional design relies on manual calculation and drawing. The design work is relatively cumbersome, error-prone, and repetitive. In particular, some parameters in the design cannot be optimized, and the reliability of the design is low. With the rapid development of computer hardware and software, computer-aided design (CAD) has become possible for general-purpose machine main drive systems. 1 The selection of CAD software for development tools has evolved into a variety of visual development environments. At present, CAD development tool software can be divided into three categories. One is a component development tool represented by Visual C++ and Borland C++. The other is a program development tool represented by Visual Basic: the other is based on AutoCAD. Secondary development tools for graphics packages. Here we are using Visual Basic (VB) 6.0 as a development tool, this software is powerful, easy to use, and carries many controls, and the control encapsulates a large number of attributes and methods, to achieve better code sharing, greatly save The program developer time is one of the most common visual programming tools available today. 2 Machine main drive system CAD structure and function overall structure The general structure of the main drive system CAD of the machine. The key point and the main function of the software The determination of the speed range (Rn) and the speed series Z is determined by the highest (nmax) and lowest (nmin) speeds and the common ratio Ø (selection method) to determine the speed range Rn and the speed series Z. Operation, select the highest, lowest speed and common ratio, you can get the speed range and speed series value. Rn = nmax = Øz-1 Z = lgRn +1 nmin lgØ Where: Rn is the spindle speed range: Z is the spindle speed series: Ø is the common ratio. The structure, structure network and speed diagram generation can be based on the number of speed series to determine the structural formula, the structure of the network, the principle is: 1 the total number of the smallest drive. 2 The front and rear of the transmission pair are less, and the transmission speed is larger than before. 3 The speed change gear set is set to 2 or 3, ie, Z=3m×2n. Using human-computer interaction, press the "Structure Network Preview" button to generate a structural and structural network from the computer, and select a satisfactory structural network, structural and structural network, and speed map selection. The number of teeth of the gear distribution gear should not be too large on the one hand, so as to avoid increasing the center distance between the two shafts, so that the machine tool structure is huge, and at the same time, the speed of the gear line is increased to increase the noise. Here, the number of teeth and Sz ≤ 100 to 120 are used. : On the other hand, the number of teeth should not be too small to avoid undercutting. For the standard spur gear zmin ≥ 18, the minimum center distance between the two axes should be appropriate to avoid interference of other two-axis structures. The determination of the number of gear teeth should also meet the requirements of the transmission ratio. When using the triple slip gear, the requirements of the triple slip gear must be met, that is, the gear difference between the largest and the second largest gear should be greater than 4, so that the triple slip gear can smoothly pass through when sliding left and right. To determine the number of teeth, according to the calculated speed series, common ratio Ø, and the transmission ratio of each axis, click the "Tooth number and" button to determine the number of teeth, select the appropriate number of teeth, and click the button to assign a certain number of teeth. Gear group number distribution. The parameter optimization parameter optimization is to optimize the transmission system diagram to determine the gear parameter allocation and transmission ratio. Since the transmission system is composed of transmission modules, and the modules have been standardized, the number of transmission pairs, speed change order and structure are determined. A mathematical model can be established separately for each transmission module. When a transmission scheme is formed, Establish corresponding mathematical model optimization. The module has two independent variables of variable speed group and six design variables (z1, m1, i1, z4, m4, i4). Any other gear parameter can be represented by these six design variables. The established mathematical model is as follows:
I2=i1Øx z2= z1(1+i1)Øx z'2= z1(1+i1) (1+i1Øx) i1(1+i1Øx) Where: i1, i2 are gear ratios: Ø is the common ratio: x For the grade ratio index: z1, z2 are the number of gear teeth: z'1, z'2 are the number of matching teeth of the gear. Objective function: J=m1z1(1+1/i1)/2+m4z4(1+1/i4)/2 The objective function J is the axial distance. Constraints: Transmission ratio: 0.25 ≤ ij ≤ 2.0 Gear line speed: 0.0 ≤ (pmzjn main/6000 Vmax) ≤ 1.0 Vmax = 15 m/s Gear teeth: 18 ≤ z ≤ 100 Modules: 2 ≤ m ≤ 14
Optimization results also need to be adjusted and processed. Optimized transmission diagram. Other issues to be considered 1 The weight of the main drive system is the lightest: two conditions must be satisfied: “before close and sparse†and “before and after fastâ€: 2 The number of gears in front of the gear is more than the number of back gears: 3 Use common ratio as much as possible Gears, reduce the axial dimension of the box, but the radial dimension should not be too large. 3 Conclusion The application of computer technology in the design of the main drive system of general machine tools has changed the traditional design methods, improved the reliability of the design, shortened the design cycle and reduced the labor intensity. At present, this research is being continuously improved, which will be of great significance in promoting the development of the machine tool industry.
I2=i1Øx z2= z1(1+i1)Øx z'2= z1(1+i1) (1+i1Øx) i1(1+i1Øx) Where: i1, i2 are gear ratios: Ø is the common ratio: x For the grade ratio index: z1, z2 are the number of gear teeth: z'1, z'2 are the number of matching teeth of the gear. Objective function: J=m1z1(1+1/i1)/2+m4z4(1+1/i4)/2 The objective function J is the axial distance. Constraints: Transmission ratio: 0.25 ≤ ij ≤ 2.0 Gear line speed: 0.0 ≤ (pmzjn main/6000 Vmax) ≤ 1.0 Vmax = 15 m/s Gear teeth: 18 ≤ z ≤ 100 Modules: 2 ≤ m ≤ 14
Optimization results also need to be adjusted and processed. Optimized transmission diagram. Other issues to be considered 1 The weight of the main drive system is the lightest: two conditions must be satisfied: “before close and sparse†and “before and after fastâ€: 2 The number of gears in front of the gear is more than the number of back gears: 3 Use common ratio as much as possible Gears, reduce the axial dimension of the box, but the radial dimension should not be too large. 3 Conclusion The application of computer technology in the design of the main drive system of general machine tools has changed the traditional design methods, improved the reliability of the design, shortened the design cycle and reduced the labor intensity. At present, this research is being continuously improved, which will be of great significance in promoting the development of the machine tool industry.
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