China's domestic treatment of manure treatment equipment has a long way to go

[ China Agricultural Machinery Industry News ] On November 8, in the Dingfang Greenland Clean Energy Technology Co., Ltd. park in Hebei Dingzhou, a Dutch Fenhaus fertiliser tanker with a folding ditching fertilizer machine will extend the take-up arm into the fertilizer. In the pool, in just three minutes, 14,000 liters of organic liquid fertilizer was inhaled into the fertilization tank, after which the fertiliser tanker was opened to the company's cockroach experimental field, the folded injection fertilizer machine was slowly opened, and the injection width of 6.08 meters was widened. The machine was carried into the ground with 32 injection tubes, and the fertiliser tanker began to start. The fertiliser tanker passed through, the ground did not change much, there was only a thin ditch, and there was no smell of liquid fat in the air. The visitors squatted down, opened the rill and carefully checked whether the liquid fertilizer was injected. After that, the fertiliser tanker was again equipped with a disc plow fertiliser machine, and the fertilization tanker that integrated the land rotary tillage and injection fertilization again won the audience's applause with its wonderful performance.

In another part of the experimental field, the solid organic fertilizer from Sifangliou was throwing solid organic fertilizer, and the pulp on the two vertical cocks-type fat spreaders was quickly turned, and the organic fertilizer was thrown. When it is effectively broken, it is thrown out of the car and spread evenly on the ground. The side-mounted dump trucks that accompany it also show the environmental protection of the products.

This is a live demonstration of the manure application equipment hosted by the China Agricultural Mechanization Association Animal Husbandry Branch and organized by Sifang Liou Animal Husbandry Technology Co., Ltd. According to Hu Chaoyang, the chairman of Sifang Liou Group, the Fenhaus liquid fertiliser tanker and various solid-liquid fertilizing machines work together. The fertiliser tanker is divided into basic and professional types, with a capacity of 10,000 liters, 12,000 liters, 14,000 liters, and 15,500 liters. And various models of 40,000 liters can be used to load various types of fertilizer spreaders ranging from 4.56 meters to 7.6 meters. The fertilizer applicator has a cutting blade and a diversion distributor, which can deeply pulverize the slurry and distribute it to each injection tube of the fertilizer applicator and adjust the total amount of fertilizer to ensure the fertilization and balance.

Livestock and poultry waste disposal and resource utilization are imminent

With the increasing proportion of meat and egg milk in the diet structure, the large-scale development of livestock and poultry breeding industry in China has also resulted in a large amount of manure, which is still dominated by traditionally dispersed farming methods. The area's non-point source pollution is becoming more and more serious. Even large-scale farms (districts) have serious environmental hazards due to poor use of manure. On December 21, 2016, General Secretary Xi Jinping delivered an important speech at the 14th meeting of the Central Financial and Economic Leading Group. He pointed out that speeding up the treatment and recycling of livestock and poultry wastes and affecting the production and living environment of more than 600 million rural residents, The relationship between the rural energy revolution and the ability to continuously improve soil fertility and manage agricultural non-point source pollution is a good thing for the benefit of the country and the people. It is necessary to adhere to the policy of government support, enterprise main body and market operation, taking biogas and bio-natural gas as the main treatment direction, and using the local energy and agricultural organic fertilizer as the main use direction on the spot, striving for the "13th Five-Year Plan" period and basically solving the problem. The problem of manure treatment and resource utilization in large-scale livestock and poultry farms.

In order to promote the treatment and recycling of livestock and poultry breeding wastes, the General Office of the State Council issued opinions on accelerating the resource utilization of livestock and poultry breeding wastes. It is required to establish resource utilization of livestock and poultry breeding wastes by 2020 and build a breeding cycle. The development mechanism will make the comprehensive utilization rate of livestock and poultry manure in the country reach more than 75%; the matching rate of equipment for the treatment of large-scale farms will reach over 95%; the large-scale farms will reach 100% one year ahead of schedule; The demonstration area, the agricultural sustainable development pilot demonstration zone and the modern agricultural industrial park were realized. The Ministry of Agriculture introduced the implementation opinions on the fight against agricultural non-point source pollution prevention and control, and integrated the resource utilization of livestock and poultry manure into the target framework system of “one control, two reductions and three basics”, and established a work leading group to specifically promote the promotion of livestock. The work plan and action plan for the comprehensive utilization of poultry manure will jointly promote the management of livestock manure. In addition, the Ministry of Agriculture has also carried out the establishment of a demonstration county for green development of animal husbandry. It will create 200 animal husbandry green development demonstration counties during the 13th Five-Year Plan period to establish a work benchmark and play a typical role.

Good policies have been introduced, but the reality is not optimistic. At the forum on the development of the utilization of livestock and poultry waste resources sponsored by the Animal Husbandry Branch of the China Agricultural Mechanization Association, the director of the Hebei Provincial Agricultural Machinery Bureau, Mei Meirui, revealed that it ranked 5th, 3rd and 3rd respectively as the national meat and egg milk production. In the province of animal husbandry, the annual production of manure and poultry in Hebei Province is about 108 million tons, which brings great pressure to the environment. The problem of manure management of livestock and poultry has become a bottleneck restricting the development of animal husbandry in the province. Since 2016, the province has attached great importance to the management of livestock and poultry manure. In September this year, the provincial government formulated and issued the “Work Plan for the Utilization of Livestock and Poultry Breeding Resources in Hebei Province”, proposing “Government Guidance, Market Operation, and Coordination”. The principle of taking into account, highlighting key points, stepping forward, and eliminating counts by county, clarifying the direction of treatment and the direction of use, and determining the use of aquaculture counties and scale farms, promoting the use of aquaculture waste resources, and building a combination of breeding and breeding. A long-term mechanism for farming and animal husbandry, and strive to make new breakthroughs in environmental protection and circular economy. By the end of 2020, it is necessary to establish a system for the utilization of livestock and poultry breeding wastes with scientific norms, clear rights and responsibilities, and strong constraints, basically solve the problem of livestock and poultry scale aquaculture pollution, and foster the formation of livestock and poultry breeding waste resources to utilize emerging industries, the province's livestock The matching rate of the manure treatment facilities of the poultry-scale farms has reached 100%, and the comprehensive utilization rate of livestock and poultry manure has reached more than 75%.

Jumeirui said that from the current point of view, there are still many outstanding problems in the province's utilization of livestock and poultry waste resources, especially mechanization. "In 2015, the Ministry of Agriculture added the 'harmless livestock and poultry harmless treatment equipment' as a new The items are included in the scope of agricultural machinery purchase subsidies. In the past three years, the province has kept this item in the scope of subsidies. However, since 2015, only three companies have declared products in our province, and a total of 14 sets of equipment have been subsidized. The demand for manure treatment.” Liu Xian, president of the China Agricultural Mechanization Association, said that in order to give full play to the role of agricultural mechanization and vigorously promote the utilization of livestock and poultry farming waste, the China Agricultural Mechanization Association will also play an active role in building a platform for Exchanges between the parties.

Borrowing the stone of the mountain, understanding the road of jade

According to Hans, global trade manager of the Fenhauser Machinery Company in the Netherlands, the Netherlands has enacted legislation on manure in the last century. The manure legislation enacted in the Netherlands is mainly based on EU standards and is formulated according to the actual situation in the country. It regulates the production of manure, the use of nitrogen, phosphorus, organic fertilizers, and the transportation and discharge of manure. For example, the amount of nitrogen used will vary depending on the soil and crop type. The amount of nitrogen in the manure applied is 170 kg/ha/year, and the amount of nitrogen obtained from the manure can be calculated by the efficiency of nitrogen. In addition, the use of manure is also strictly controlled, allowing manure to be used only during the growing season. The government mandates the registration of livestock, manure and crop cultivation. And since 2014, all excess (exceeding) manure generated by agriculture must be processed. In the production area, the government requires the construction of low-emission animal enclosures and zero-emission manure storage areas.

In addition to mandatory policies, the Dutch government provides a range of encouraging support for the rational discharge and use of manure. For example, the government encourages investment in new technologies; through direct grants and co-financing, it provides financial support, financial subsidies, and tax breaks for research and development of manure processing and processing. In addition, in order to improve the technology and management level of farmers, the relevant pastures have established pilot introduction and testing of new technologies to provide consulting services for farmers. At the same time, there are farmers' organizations for technical exchanges and learning.

Under the guidance of the above policies, the Netherlands through the low-emission of manure storage and utilization, and the processing of manure, and transport to the shortage area, so that the proportion of organic manure in the agricultural production in the Netherlands increased, phosphorus fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer The application rate of chemical fertilizers decreased, the loss of nutrients in the environment also decreased, and the content of nitrate in surface water was controlled, which reduced environmental pollution. In the words of Hans: "Reducing the volatilization of nitrogen by low-emission manure processing and treatment is equivalent to saving money."

Demonstration equipment to follow up on government assistance

The Dutch sewage legislation and government incentives have revolutionized the country's environment. Geographical conditions are different, and the national conditions are different. It is fundamental to find the road suitable for the utilization of livestock and poultry breeding wastes in China through the stones of other mountains. According to Zhu Zhiping, a researcher at the Institute of Agricultural Environment and Sustainable Development of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, the main mode of treatment and utilization of livestock and poultry manure in China is the use of manure full-age collection and returning mode, the special utilization mode of manure pollution, and solid manure composting. Utilization mode, ectopic fermenting bed mode, fecal litter recycling mode, sewage fertilizer utilization mode, and sewage discharge mode. Several models have their own advantages and disadvantages, and different modes should be adopted for different situations. In 2017, the state invested 2 billion yuan in 51 animal husbandry counties to carry out pilot projects for the utilization of livestock and poultry manure resources, and found a fundamental way to solve the comprehensive utilization of manure through pilot methods.

Sifang Greenland Dingzhou Clean Energy Technology Co., Ltd. won the bid for the large-scale bio-natural gas demonstration project in Hebei Province this year. The reporter found in the company that in the biogas production and the biogas slurry manure receiving tank, a system separates the biogas residue from the biogas slurry. During the operation of the system, the solid material biogas residue is separated and used. The conveying equipment is transported to the organic fertilizer production raw material workshop. The enterprise uses the biogas waste biogas residue as the main raw material, and appropriately adds the nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like according to the demand of the soil for the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and the demand for the nitrogen, potassium and potassium to be planted. The elements are made into bio-organic fertilizer. Hu Chaoyang told reporters that every cubic animal manure or yellow straw can produce 100 cubic meters of biogas. The methane content in biogas is more than 60%, and the rest is carbon dioxide and other trace gases. At present, the company converts carbon dioxide in biogas into industrial carbon dioxide gas. The biogas is purified and purified by German equipment to make bio-natural gas for use as automobile fuel. He said that the company's biogas plant can produce 400-500 cubic meters of bio-natural gas with an accuracy of 99.9% per hour and emit 4000 kilowatt-hours per hour. The company is currently building its own biomass gas filling station, which is expected to be "five next year." First, all the transportation vehicles in Dingzhou will be converted to bio-natural gas.

Hu Chaoyang said that the use of livestock and poultry farming waste and straw to make biogas is only one aspect of resource utilization, and various manure treatment equipment is needed. This requires the state to support policy.

Yan Meirui said that although the harmless treatment equipment for sick and dead livestock and poultry has been included in the scope of agricultural machinery purchase subsidies, at present, there are relatively few domestic equipments in this area, and there are not many powerful production enterprises. It is necessary to truly promote the integration of livestock and poultry breeding waste. To use, it is also necessary to strive for the support of new products subsidies for the utilization of livestock and poultry waste resources; organize relevant manufacturers to carry out the appraisal of ministerial and provincial agricultural machinery products according to the agricultural machinery classification industry standards, and handle them as soon as possible according to the special handling principle. The certificate of appraisal; the manure treatment equipment that has obtained the appraisal certificate is included in the scope of subsidies, and the priority subsidy is made, and the subsidy should be made up; at the same time, actively support the support measures of various channels, and use the integrated funds or other related project funds. Subsidies for the purchase of such agricultural machinery and equipment. (Original title: Original livestock and poultry farming waste can also be used in this way)